Solving the Radioactive Riddle of 9/11. A Simple Explanation of Ground Zero
Solving the Radioactive Riddle of 9/11. A Simple Explanation of Ground Zero
Posted by HolyYeshua
![911nn426
Solving the [radioactive] riddle of 9/11
– a simple explanation of GROUND ZERO –
DRAFT](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solvingtheradioactiveriddleof9-11-161116155537/95/solving-the-radioactive-riddle-of-911-a-simple-explanation-of-ground-zero-1-638.jpg?cb=1479395437)
![Solving the [radioactive] riddle of 9/11
– a simple explanation of GROUND ZERO –
Legal info:
bitplant.de GmbH & Co. ATD-Se...](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solvingtheradioactiveriddleof9-11-161116155537/95/solving-the-radioactive-riddle-of-911-a-simple-explanation-of-ground-zero-2-638.jpg?cb=1479395437)
![The Author
As a student at the ’Institut de physique nucléaire’ [Paris] the author has taken part in
studying the formatio...](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solvingtheradioactiveriddleof9-11-161116155537/95/solving-the-radioactive-riddle-of-911-a-simple-explanation-of-ground-zero-4-638.jpg?cb=1479395437)
![The bulb of a [weak] mushroom cloud over Ground Zero
911nn581
Fig. 1-4 Source 1: https://www.facebook.com/911nucleardemoli...](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solvingtheradioactiveriddleof9-11-161116155537/95/solving-the-radioactive-riddle-of-911-a-simple-explanation-of-ground-zero-7-638.jpg?cb=1479395437)
![FALLOUT
On 9/11 a large part of the [radioactive] dust particles were blown out to the sea with the
result that the fallou...](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solvingtheradioactiveriddleof9-11-161116155537/95/solving-the-radioactive-riddle-of-911-a-simple-explanation-of-ground-zero-8-638.jpg?cb=1479395437)
![11-1 2016-08-04
11 Formation of the ‘Spire’ (North Tower)
Observation
Material was shooting up [inside] and crashing down ...](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solvingtheradioactiveriddleof9-11-161116155537/95/solving-the-radioactive-riddle-of-911-a-simple-explanation-of-ground-zero-32-638.jpg?cb=1479395437)
- 1. 911nn426 Solving the [radioactive] riddle of 9/11 – a simple explanation of GROUND ZERO – DRAFT
- 2. Solving the [radioactive] riddle of 9/11 – a simple explanation of GROUND ZERO – Legal info: bitplant.de GmbH & Co. ATD-Services KG Fabrikstr. 15 D-89520 Heidenheim www.bitplant.de Author: Heinz Pommer, graduate physicist NOT copyright-protected by the author Unless protected otherwise, ideas and contents may be reproduced for educational purposes (fair use) XML download: www.911history.de/xml/911_Analysis_en.xml PDF download: www.911history.de/pdfs/911_Analysis_en.pdf Registration: ISBN: pending Printed in Germany Published with based on XML
- 3. Aim of physical modeling The aim of physical modeling is to be able to make reliable predictions on the behavior of a natural system. Any physical experiment based on a sound model and repeated under the same conditions will always provide exactly the same results. Aim of the book The aim of the book is to provide a convincing explanation of the World Trade Center’s “mysterious” destruction process using a simple model. It is in fact possible to design a model that gives a plausible explanation for all of the phe- nomena observed: a controlled underground detonation of a nuclear explosive charge. This theory is supported by the official analysis results of the WTC fine particulate matter which show explicit radioactive disintegration processes of rare elements, the so-called “nuclear fingerprint”. Failure of politics, media – and the banks The interrelations of the arms industry’s economic interests with a politically or religiously based belief in superiority as well as the control of the mass media by oligarchs enables the use of tactical nuclear weapons as well as long-term experiments with clueless and disempowered civilians. This fact that is true to date allows to understand the failure of politics and media in performing their task to inform and to protect people. • we would like to point out that both US and Israeli intelligence services are victim and offender in equal measure in this disaster, a disaster that can eventually be traced back to the power of private central banks Basic principle of physical modeling The basic principle of physical modeling is based on three steps: • Observation • Model approach / calculation • Interpretation / comparison with the model (model corrections if necessary)
- 4. The Author As a student at the ’Institut de physique nucléaire’ [Paris] the author has taken part in studying the formation and propagation of shockwaves in thin layers of material after high energy cluster impact. In principle the calculation of shockwaves in thin layers of material does not differ from a calculation of high energy shockwaves – for example shockwaves after a meteor was hitting the surface of the earth. The response function and shockwave propagation of a shallow underground nuclear explosion can be calculated following the same simple principle: Action – Reaction. Example: cluster impact in a thin layer of material Start of material ejection from below Cluster, before impact Energy transfer into the material Start of impulse response Fig. 1-1 Source (changed): http://www.geopark-ries.de/index.php/de/entstehung_rieskrater
- 5. Modelling the destruction of the WTC Logical course of events • Implosion (typical blast): connection of the elevator shafts • Ignition of the nuclear weapon: strong neutron radiation in upwards direction, evap- orization of the steel beams due to the absorption of fast neutrons • Shotgun principle: formation of an upshooting, superhot plasmatic needle and eruption-like ejection of material / pulverization of the concrete due to a steam explosion of all the water chemically bound in the concrete • Interaction with radioactivity: blue Cherenkov radiation • Radiation protection sealing of the cavity, the bedrock remains radioactive Shooting up into the sky – “Operation Upshot II” 911nn010 Fig. 1-2 Source (modified, Original from Dimitri A. Khalezov): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nuclear-demolition-damages.jpg DOWNLOAD as svg:www.911memorial4kids.org/svg/911nn010.svg
- 6. GROUND ZERO Definition BEFORE 2001 “The point on the ground vertically beneath of above the point of detonation of an atomic or thermonuclear bomb is called: GROUND ZERO ” 911nn591 Fig. 1-3 Source: http://www.veteranstoday.com/2011/02/15/dimitri-khalezov-ground-zero/ Albert Einstein (1879 – 1955): …about Education and The Atomic Bomb “We scientists recognize our inescapable responsibility to carry to our fellow citizens an understanding of the simple facts of atomic energy and its implications for society. In this lies our only security and our only hope – we believe that an informed citizenry will act for life and not death.” KILLING OUR OWN: The Disaster of America’s Experience with Atomic Radiation Source: www.ratical.org/radiation/KillingOurOwn/KOO.pdf. Local copy: www.911history.de/pdfs/Killing_Our_Own.pdf Author’s Note: the scientists have failed in their responsibility to warn the people… …that 9/11 is also a nuclear field experiment on civilians (providing “valuable” data on the effects of several Atomic Radiation HotSpots in a large City). In case of a Limited Nuclear War in Europe (or anywhere else) a multitude of such Ra- diation HotSpots would be present in many of our cities. We should – as a people – finally expose and stop the perpetrators of these crimes.
- 7. The bulb of a [weak] mushroom cloud over Ground Zero 911nn581 Fig. 1-4 Source 1: https://www.facebook.com/911nucleardemolition/photos_stream?tab=photos_stream Source 2: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/index.html Black smoke rising from the crater (air suspended iron micro-droplets) 911nn582 Fig. 1-5 Source 1: https://www.facebook.com/911nucleardemolition/photos_stream?tab=photos_stream Source 2: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/index.html
- 8. FALLOUT On 9/11 a large part of the [radioactive] dust particles were blown out to the sea with the result that the fallout in New York was relatively low. Dust cloud of the World Trade Center, NEXRAD radar image is stopped easily, however when being inhaled it will cause very aggressive cancers (strong ionization) low penetration capability, however aggressive when inhaled Main particle of the Strontrium/Barium decay chain; Main cause of Cancer in New York high penetration capability Nearly absent in the Strontrium/Barium decay chain 911nn005_en Fig. 1-6 Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:New_York_September_11_NEXRAD.png. The Must-be Wave of Cancers (roughly schematic) Must-be Waves of Cancer [roughly schematic] creeping: blood cancers (leukemia) bone cancers, brain cancers retarded: asbestos Lung cancers (mechanical stimilus) aggressive: thyroid cancers 20052001 Year Cases 2010 2015 2016 Ending of compensation funds (Zadroga ACT) 2020 2025 2030 Fig. 1-7 Source: Wave of Cancers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P91flfvdpTw
- 9. ABSORBED RADIATION Iron vapor excellently compensates and neutralizes neutron radiation and radioactive radiation. Iron can absorb a lot of neutron radiation WITHOUT getting radioactive itself. The Geiger Counter will remain silent. 911nn080_en Fig. 1-8 Source (modified): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation CANCER The melting pot of granite and the pile of debris directly above Ground Zero were highly radioactive. Most of the first responders on duty during the World Trade Center disaster have fallen ill and thousands died of cancer already. 2009: more than 900 people died of cancer Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hhVQ5lbzwCQ 2010: more than 33,000 people suffer from “illness related to the attacks” Source @00:30: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGjalR4IG_o 2011 president Obama signed the ’James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act’, which was drafted in 2010 (Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Zadroga). 2016: more than 72,000 people suffer from “illness related to the attacks” Source: http://www.renew911health.org/
- 10. Table of Contents Chapter 1 1-1Free fall of Building 7 Chapter 2 2-1Mushroom cloud (early stage) above Building 7 Chapter 3 3-1Mushroom cloud (late stage) above Building 7 Chapter 4 4-1Vortex in the mushroom cloud above Building 7 Chapter 5 5-1Formation of the dust cloud stem (North Tower) Chapter 6 6-1Stem formation of the dust cloud (South Tower) Chapter 7 7-1Formation of dust cloud zones (North Tower) Chapter 8 8-1Zoning of the dust cloud (South Tower) Chapter 9 9-1Fountain formation during material ejection (North Tower) Chapter 10 10-1Fountain formation during material ejection (South Tower) Chapter 11 11-1Formation of the ‘Spire’ (North Tower) Chapter 12 12-1Formation of the ‘Spire’ (South Tower) Chapter 13 13-1Microscopic droplets of solidified steel Chapter 14 14-1Molecular dissociation Chapter 15 15-1First order nuclear fission processes Chapter 16 16-1Second order nuclear fission processes Chapter 17 17-1Masked radioactive radiation Chapter 18 18-1Scintillation Chapter 19 19-1Masked electromagnetic pulse Chapter 20 20-1Soundless shock wave in the rockbed Chapter 21 21-1Gas eruptions from the rockbed Chapter 22 22-1Shockwave on the surface Chapter 23 23-1Pyroclastic hot dust cloud
- 11. Chapter 24 24-1Superhot zones of persistent temperature Chapter 25 25-1Formation of a melting pot (North Tower) Chapter 26 26-1Formation of a melting pot (South Tower) Chapter 27 27-1Torrents of molten steel Chapter 28 28-1Channelling of the elevator shafts Chapter 29 29-1Steam explosions of the facade (North Tower) Chapter 30 30-1Steam explosions of the facade (South Tower) Chapter 31 31-1Cavitation (South Tower) Chapter 32 32-1The torque disappearing & disintegration during free fall Chapter 33 33-1Material distribution pattern (mushrooming) Chapter 34 34-1Dust clouds rising up from the ground Chapter 35 35-1Strong upward winds inside the North Tower Chapter 36 36-1Modeling the overall process Chapter 37 37-1Annex A: At the Pentagon (facade) Chapter 38 38-1Annex B: At the Pentagon (plane) Chapter 39 39-1Annex C: Pennsylvania Chapter 40 40-1Annex D: Building no. 6 Chapter 41 41-1Annex E: Fission of uranium Chapter 42 42-1Annex F: neutron scattering Chapter 43 43-1Annex G: Analysis records (barium decay chain) Chapter 44 44-1Annex H: Analysis records (strontium decay chain) Chapter 45 45-1Annex I: Ground Zero Chapter 46 46-1Annex J: Ground Zero – New York Chapter 47 47-1Annex K: Study on supercritical reactors (Borax II) Chapter 48 48-1Annex L: ’The 9/11 commission report’ Chapter 49 49-1Annex M: ’Rebuilding America’s Defenses’ Chapter 50 50-1Annex N: CIA
- 12. 1-1 2016-08-04 1 Free fall of Building 7 Observation At 5:20 pm a 190 m New York office tower made of steel unexpectedly collapsed to its base area. The falling tower accelerated for several seconds in free fall while collapsing, similar to a stone suddenly released. Free fall means that all load-bearing structures broke down suddenly at the time of the collapse: • all steel beams were dissolved on the inside • the whole outer shell was weakened considerably (no resistance of the 47 floors) 911nn401 Fig. 1-1 Source @00:49 (ReThink911.org): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mvhxN2_xOng Model approach This model assumes the following combination of: • typical controlled demolition (comparatively small [low-noise] explosive charges) • nuclear weapon detonated underground at a depth of 50 m Peculiarity of the process: noiseless, the only thing that could be sensed were vi- brations LOCAL VIDEO: Free fall of WTC7 www.911history.de/01.mp4 Source @06:04 (HD Cumulus): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ujps2oCA-nU
- 13. 2016-08-04 1-2 The increase in speed during a free fall is defined by: Speed: vFree Fall = 9, 81 m s2 t 911xx003_en Fig. 1-2 Calculation formula for free fall on earth The definition of a marker point at a limit line (light-colored surroundings / dark building) in a video allows to calculate acceleration values. _ X Video 0. -5. -10. -15. -20. -25. -30. 0 0.5 1. 1.5 2. 2.5 3. V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V Time (sec) Velocity (m/s) – 10.223 – 0.719 ± 0.606 0.908 Return in Browser Data Set 1 velocity (m/s) versus time – Video Analysis WTC7 time(s) velocity(m/s) –16.409 00.068 slope is acceleration increase is velocity Video Analysis WTC7 View Graphs Lines Circles Vectors Graph Tools Options Help ± 911nn409 Fig. 1-3 Source 1 (video): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rP9Qp5QWRMQ Source 2 (drawing edited) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nuclear-demolition-damages.jpg Comparison / interpretation The calculations in the video prove the free fall of the building. 0.5 s 1 s 1.5 s 2 s 2.5 s 3 s Speed during free fall 4.9 m/s 9.8 m/s 14.7 m/s 19.6 m/s 24.5 m/s 29.4 m/s Observed speed 4.8 m/s 9.2 m/s 14.5 m/s 19.5 m/s 22.3 m/s 25.1 m/s Ratio [%] vWTC-7 / vfree fall 97% 93% 98% 99% 91% 85% Tab. 1-1 Comparison / interpretation
- 14. 2-1 2016-08-04 2 Mushroom cloud (early stage) above Building 7 Observation After the complete collapse of Building 7 a mushroom cloud rose from the foundation that initially formed four distinguishable sidelines. • This is very uncommon even for a conventional controlled demolition. For additional sidelines to develop, another very strong energy source must be present. 911nn414 WTC-7 2001-09-11 05:21 p.m. 225 m; WFC-3 283 m; 40 Wall Street A H D B C Fig. 2-1 Source @12:33 PM: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnLcUxV1dPo WFC height information: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Financial_Center Model approach The model approach assumes that the nuclear energetic center was approx. 50 m below the foundation since • the mushroom cloud did not emerge until after the complete collapse of Building 7 (after a time delay of approx. 60 seconds) • the fact that sidelines developed means that not all of the energy could escape in a bundle but had to find its way up through side channels (obstacles such as rock debris / remains of the building) • a circular distribution around the center can be assumed: – one main line H (with approx. 50% of the total energy) – four sidelines A, B, C, and D (altogether approx 50% of the total energy) • no explosion sounds could be heard • a seismic wave was recorded Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/seismic.html#wtc7level
- 15. 2016-08-04 2-2 Calculation The simplest scenario is to display the emerging dust clouds as cylinders. cylinder volume = πr2 h 911xx002_en Fig. 2-2 Calculation formula cylinder capacity for the energy content of the dust clouds In the following picture, the sidelines are displayed in top view, as cylinder model and as simplified cross section. h r h r h r h r h r 911nn413_en H Cylinder modelTop view Cross section A B CD ∆∆∆∆ pppp ∆∆∆ ppp Fig. 2-3 Schematic outburst of the dust cloud from the underground Source @1:10: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcg9ShapkhA Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation on the formation of sidelines. LOCAL VIDEO: Free fall and early-stage mushroom cloud www.911history.de/03.mp4 Source @ 04:28: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U8lrTy5mrZY
- 16. 3-1 2016-08-04 3 Mushroom cloud (late stage) above Building 7 Observation The mushroom clouds rising up from the foundation of the destroyed office tower devel- oped up to different heights. • Main line H pushes through the cold air layers, a tube develops whose rise is not decelerated until a mushroom develops at a height of approx. 1,300 m • Line A and line D billow up to a height of approx. 800 m • Line B and line C a cold air layer that cannot be penetrated by low-energy dust clouds seems to exist at a height of 600 m WTC-7 2001-09-11 05:21 p.m. ca. 1.300 m 197 m A H D B C 250 m 500 m 1.250 m 750 m 1.000 m 0 m WFC-1 911nn404 Fig. 3-1 Source @1:10 PM: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnLcUxV1dPo WFC height information: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Financial_Center Model approach The energy content can be concluded from: • the total volume V of the cloud • the ascension height h • the capacity to penetrate cold air layers / velocity v LOCAL VIDEO: Rise of the mushroom cloud up to 1,300 m www.911history.de/02.mp4 Source @12:30 PM: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnLcUxV1dPo
- 17. 2016-08-04 3-2 Comparison / interpretation In nuclear tests the formation of different stages in the mushroom cloud can often be observed if the corresponding cold air layers are present. • Reaching the 1st barrier: the mushroom cloud is briefly stopped in the cold air layer billowing The energetic center underneath continues to supply the hot airflow with thermal energy. As a consequence, the air tube pushes through the cold air layer like a needle and continues to billow up. • Reaching the 2nd barrier: a second cold air layer stops the gas flowing upwards, the characteristic mushroom develops 2 barrier Stop of upward gas flow; mushroom formation nd st 1 barrier Layer of cold air NANCY (nuclear test) 1953-03-24 911nn424_en Fig. 3-2 Source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Upshot-Knothole_Nancy_001.jpg The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the formation of offset mushroom cloud stages and different ascension heights of the sidelines. Line B Line C Line A Line D Line H Observed ascension height [m] of the sidelines above WTC 7 approx. 600 m approx. 800 m approx. 1,300 m Tab. 3-1 Comparison / interpretation
- 18. 4-1 2016-08-04 4 Vortex in the mushroom cloud above Building 7 Observation The central mushroom cloud rising up from the foundation of the destroyed office Building 7 still developed a vortex (tubular form of water vapor) at a high altitude. For a vortex to develop, the mushroom cloud rising up must be highly energetic. WTC-7 2001-09-11 05:21 p.m. 911nn416 Fig. 4-1 Source @1:10 PM: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnLcUxV1dPo Model approach A vortex is caused by friction between hot [inner] gases of the mushroom cloud and the cold ambient air with a simultaneous condensation of water vapor. The formation of a vortex is a typical characteristic for nuclear weapon explosions. 21 911nn407 Fig. 4-2 Source 1: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex / source 2: https://www.flickr.com/photos/epicfireworks/3542212906/ 1 Schematic diagram 2 Nuclear vortex above Bikini Atoll
- 19. 2016-08-04 4-2 Comparison / interpretation The formation requires a high-energy center below the mushroom cloud that causes hot air to rise into cold air layers. In the friction zone between hot and cold air rotation and condensation phenomena occur (white, bell-shaped or tubular, partly rotating structures). The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the formation of a vortex. NANCY 1953-03-24 WTC-7 2001-09-11 911nn406 Fig. 4-3 Source 1: @14:47: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPupW4jHO58 Source 2: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Upshot-Knothole_Nancy_001.jpg LOCAL VIDEO: Free fall and mushroom cloud at an early stage (PRIOR TO vortex formation) www.911history.de/04.mp4 Source 03:40 – 05:20: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=–RXPXzHOJE 911nn419 Fig. 4-4 Destruction of WTC7; source: @05:00: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=–RXPXzHOJE
- 20. 5-1 2016-08-04 5 Formation of the dust cloud stem (North Tower) Observation The cloud ascending after the collapse of the North Tower had characteristics typical for the formation of a “cloud stem”. 911nn211 Fig. 5-1 Source 1: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/collapses.html Source 2: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Upshot-Knothole_Nancy_001.jpg
- 21. 2016-08-04 5-2 Model approach On principle, the development of a cloud stem is a well-known fact. It generally occurs during nuclear weapon explosions, or rather for a cloud stem to de- velop, an extremely hot energetic center is required, a center that supplies the cloud stem at ground level with thermal energy for a couple of seconds. 1 2 1 911nn342 Fig. 5-2 Source (photo): http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc1exp1.html 1 Nuclear cloud stem 2 Energetic center Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the formation of a cloud stem. LOCAL VIDEO: Stem formation and pyroclastic flow www.911history.de/61.mp4 Source @ 26:50: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEwSHkQvTI8
- 22. 6-1 2016-08-04 6 Stem formation of the dust cloud (South Tower) Observation In the cloud rising up after the collapse of the South Tower the formation of a low cloud stem could be observed for a short time. 1 2 911nn340 Fig. 6-1 Source: http://911research.com/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc2dust4.html 1 Nuclear cloud stem 2 Dust cloud made of steel and pulverized concrete shooting up
- 23. 2016-08-04 6-2 Model approach The formation of the South Tower’s cloud stem was less distinctive than the one at the North Tower. The aftermath of the explosion is overshadowed by a steel / concrete dust cloud that develops rapidly. 1 1 2 911nn343 Fig. 6-2 Source (photo): http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc2exp1.html 1 Nuclear cloud stem 2 Energetic center Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the formation of a cloud stem. 911nn354 Fig. 6-3 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc2exp12.html
- 24. 7-1 2016-08-04 7 Formation of dust cloud zones (North Tower) Observation Two different kinds of dust clouds could be observed on both twin towers during their disintegration, the cloud types were clearly separated. 2 1 911nn256 Fig. 7-1 Source: http://911research.com/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc1exp6.html Source @07:35 (HD Cumulus: ‘The Spire’): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DUqTG9LKzJ4 1 Vaporized steel (black) 2 Pulverized facade (white)
- 25. 2016-08-04 7-2 Model approach There are two different processes: • Vaporization of the building’s core Formation of a black, central cloud made of vaporized steel (item 1) • Pulverization of the outer wall due to steam explosions white, outer cloud made of pulverized matter (item 2) p 4 33 22 1 911nn349 Fig. 7-2 Source (edited, original by Dimitri A. Khalezov): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nuclear-demolition-damages.jpg 1 Vaporized core of the building 2 Pulverized outer shell 3 Ejection of flames on the foundation of the building 4 Gas outbursts from the rockbed • Information on Ejection of flames on the foundation of the building Page 31-1, Chapter 31 • Information on Gas outbursts from the rockbed Page 21-1, Chapter 21 Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible for the formation of two different zones within the dust cloud.
- 26. 8-1 2016-08-04 8 Zoning of the dust cloud (South Tower) Observation During the South Tower’s disintegration a clear distinction of two different kinds of dust clouds with a distinct central cloud could be observed. 2 1 911nn304 Fig. 8-1 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/collapses.html 1 Vaporized steel (black) 2 Pulverized facade (white)
- 27. 2016-08-04 8-2 Model approach Both twin towers consisted of a steel core and an outer steel frame. They werespecially built that way after a B-25 plane had crashed into the Empire State Building in 1945 so that the impact of a large airplane would not cause the building to collapse – the plan was to transfer high energy flows to the inside. Two different processes are detected for the disintegration: • Vaporization of the building’s core [e.g. by sublimation] in the picture of the tower under construction: the steel core is outlined in yellow • Pulverization of the exterior wall [e.g due to steam explosions] in the picture of the tower under construction: the steel frame is outlined in red p Exterior steel-frames and steel core: as solid matter ur… and as dust / vapou 2 22 2 1 1 911nn076 Fig. 8-2 Source: https://sites.google.com/site/wtc7lies/wtccoreconstruction 1 Inner steel beams of the building’s core (outlined in yellow) 2 Outer steel frame / steel grid to absorb bending forces (outlined in red) Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the formation of two different zones within the dust cloud (sublimate core of the building / steam explosions at the facade).
- 28. 9-1 2016-08-04 9 Fountain formation during material ejection (North Tower) Observation The twin towers ejected their own material from the inside to the outside like during an eruption – partly taking on the form of a ballistic parabola. Ejection of material mapped graphically 100 120 140 160 170 200 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 220 240 911nn078_en Fig. 9-1 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc1exp21.html
- 29. 2016-08-04 9-2 Model approach The ejection behavior can be compared to a water fountain shooting up shortly only to collapse back upon itself. Height and form of the water jet, as well as the formation of the droplets, mainly depend on: • the pressure inside the nozzle • the inclination of the nozzle Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the fountain-like ejection of ma- terial. 911nn262 Fig. 9-2 Source 1: http://www.ju-greber.de/MUC-Springbrunnen03-40.html Source 2: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/videos/nt_east.html LOCAL VIDEO: Pulverization of the facade and material ejection (slow motion) www.911memorial4kids.org/videos/WTC1_disintegration_Slow_Motion_material_ejection.mp4 Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dueVm1UGvXo
- 30. 10-1 2016-08-04 10 Fountain formation during material ejection (South Tower) Observation An eruption-like behavior could obviously be observed for the South Tower. The South Tower’s point of pressure compensation [impact spot] was located at a lower position as in the case of the North Tower. The upper part tipped to the side when the destruction process began and released the black central cloud. 21 3 4 911nn352 Fig. 10-1 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc2exp2.html 1 Black central cloud (core of the building) 2 Building structure still intact 3 Ejected material 4 Steam explosion of the facade
- 31. 2016-08-04 10-2 Model approach For the South Tower the ejection behavior can also be compared with a water fountain shooting up briefly and collapsing back upon itself. The model remains the same. Height and form of the fountain depend on: • the pressure inside the nozzle • the inclination of the nozzle Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the fountain-like material ejection. For the disintegration pattern of the South Tower, a more distinct V shape developed: • the tilting tip briefly acted as mechanical obstacle 911nn351 Fig. 10-2 Source 1: http://www.ju-greber.de/MUC-Springbrunnen03-40.html Source 2: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc2exp12.html
- 32. 11-1 2016-08-04 11 Formation of the ‘Spire’ (North Tower) Observation Material was shooting up [inside] and crashing down [outside] simultaneously during the disintegration in both of the twin towers. Outer structures close to the ground surface remained standing for a couple of seconds before collapsing. These structures were nicknamed ‘Spire’. 190 m 2 1 911nn257 Fig. 11-1 Source: http://911research.com/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc1dust1.html 1 The Spire: remnant of the building still standing, North Tower 2 Building 7 with a height of 190 m destroyed at 5:20 PM on 9/11
- 33. 2016-08-04 11-2 Model approach It is assumed that a “shot from the foundation” caused the characteristic form of the remaining structures and thus the development of the ‘Spire’. 190 m WTC 7 911nn061 Fig. 11-2 Source @3:52 AM: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecv0p8JWsqU Comparison / interpretation The structure of molecularly dissociated steel rose up into the sky for more than 200 m before collapsing as dust cloud. The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the formation of the North Towers ‘Spire’ with a height of over 200 m and its subsequent disintegration. 911nn062 Fig. 11-3 Source: 01:19:28: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zcYfyKnjuD8
- 34. 12-1 2016-08-04 12 Formation of the ‘Spire’ (South Tower) Observation At the time of the pressure compensation, a huge wave of red-hot, liquid ejected material could be observed at the point of rupture on the South Tower. 911nn357 Fig. 12-1 Source (@07:59 / @08:01): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_64RigP1Fk Some outer structures developed temporarily in the middle of the South Tower before they were torn down. 911nn056 Fig. 12-2 Source @8:06 AM: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_64RigP1Fk
- 35. 2016-08-04 12-2 Model approach A “shot from the foundation” acts as grazing shot on the facade according to the model approach. Outer structures therefore remain standing at ground level. 911nn341 Fig. 12-3 Source (edited, original by Dimitri A. Khalezov): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nuclear-demolition-damages.jpg Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the [short-term] formation of the ‘Spire’ in the center of the South Tower and for the remains of the facade on the ground. 911nn057 Fig. 12-4 Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/WTC-remnant_highres.jpg LOCAL VIDEO: Pulverization of the facade and material ejection (slow motion 50%) www.911memorial4kids.org/videos/WTC2_disintegration_Slow_Motion_material_ejection.mp4 Source (07:55 AM to 08:08 AM): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_64RigP1Fk
- 36. 13-1 2016-08-04 13 Microscopic droplets of solidified steel Observation Microscopic examination shows that the dust of the destroyed WTC contains billions of microscopic iron droplets. 911nn415 Fig. 13-1 Source: http://www1.ae911truth.org/en/news-section/41-articles/348 Model approach Nuclear process: the steel inside the towers vaporized abruptly at temperatures of way more than 3,000 °C due to the absorption or scattering of fast neutrons in the iron nuclei. Liquefaction of iron • Iron melts at a temperature of 1,538 °C • Iron boils at a temperature of 3,000 °C Formation of iron droplets Just like raindrops in a thundercloud the iron vapor initially condensed in the form of microspheres (liquid) and solidified afterwards. Reception of energy in the nucleus of iron atoms by neutron absorption / scattering Condensation and forming of droplets by surface tension Momentary evaporation of steel nnnn Fig. 13-2 Source: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberfl%C3%A4chenspannung
- 37. 2016-08-04 13-2 Crystal growth Due to the intermolecular attractive forces, all liquids aim to minimize the surface. The droplets resulting from the iron vapor act as growth nucleus for the iron sphere – just like the formation of hailstones in a thunderhead. Process: • Formation of an [elementary] droplet • At approx. 2,000 °C other atoms join the iron droplet • Integration into the crystal structure – the droplet grows 911nn427_en 32 1 654 Solidifying water droplet (hailstone) Solidifying iron dropleet Fig. 13-3 Source: http://www.sturmwetter.de/texte/hagelentstehung.htm 1 H2O: Frozen water drop 2 H2O: Water molecules joining the structure 3 H2O: integration into the crystal 4 Fe: crystal lattice structure of iron 5 Fe: Adsorption of further iron atoms 6 Fe: finished iron droplet Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the formation of the iron droplets by means of condensation and a subsequent growing process (absorption of fast neu- trons, formation of iron isotopes, sublimation, condensation and solidification).
- 38. 14-1 2016-08-04 14 Molecular dissociation Observation Iron and concrete disintegrated to fine dust particles while tons of paper endured the destruction process of the twin towers and were blown through the streets of Manhat- tan. 911nn712 Fig. 14-1 Source 1 @01:09:09 / @01:09:11 [9/11 Mysteries: Demolitions]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2O7LwySqtr4 Source 2 @00:10 [wtc site night, debris, airborne paper]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aJo43PCHfDY
- 39. 2016-08-04 14-2 Pulverization of steel due to the excitation of the iron crystal and its destruction Chemical process of the atomic shell: it depends on the absorbance of the molecular structure if chemical bonds can be broken by a short energetic radiation pulse. • Iron / concrete have a high absorbance the absorbed energy destroys the molecular bonds • light materials such as paper have a low absorbance the energy does not suffice to break the molecular bond e 4 5 3 2 1 n = 0 Ground state Ae A distance (atom’s nucleous – bonding electrons) Levelofenergy 0 De Absorption of energy and dissociation at D of the cubic-body-centered elementary cell of the iron crystal [at corresponding wavelength λ] e aa a 911nn711_en Fig. 14-2 Source 1: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisen#/media/File:Cubic-body-centered.png Source 2: edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1215/1/Windhorn_Lars.pdf Once the absorbed energy exceeds the nuclear binding energy of the iron crystal, the molecular structure dissolves, i.e. it dissociates. Schematic breakup of the cubic-body-centered elementary cell of the iron cristal 2 31 911nn710_en aa a Fig. 14-3 Source: edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1215/1/Windhorn_Lars.pdf 1 Condition 1; Energetic radiation hits the molecular structure / metal lattice structure 2 Energy absorption as oscillation 3 Broken lattice structure Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation (radiation pulse) for the conversion of steel and concrete into tiny dust particles and for the fact that the paper was undamaged.
- 40. 15-1 2016-08-04 15 First order nuclear fission processes Observation According to the USGS, the approx. 40 dust samples collected at different locations contain different concentrations of uranium as well as barium and strontium which are fission products of uranium. WTC01-19 & 37B WTC01-36 WTC01-08 WTC01-07 WTC01-05 WTC01-33 WTC01-04 WTC01-34 WTC01-35 WTC01-09 & 32 WTC01-08 WTC01-02 WTC01-xx WTC01-06 WTC01-17 WTC01-29 WTC01-xx WTC01-xx WTC01-28 WTC01-27 WTC01- WTC01-10 WTC01-11 WTC01-xx WTC01-23 N 5 6 4 Base Map Source: 2000 U.S. Census TIGER/Line Data for New York County 00 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 00 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 Lower Manhattan HudsonRiver East River WTC01-24 WTC01-25 WTC01-30WTC01-31 WTC01-16WTC01-15 WTC01-2 WTC01-32 WTC01-40B WTC01-02 WTC01-03 1 2 7 WTC site Dust sample analysis 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 911nn040_en 235*U Ba 143 Sr 93 Example data of collecting site: WTC 01-16 Concentration in solids [%] MilesKilometers Aluminium % Iron% Magnesium % Uranium % Barium % Strontium % Calcium % Silicon % Strontium % Barium %Uranium % Fig. 15-1 Source (edited): http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/chem1/index.html#Sampling DOWNLOAD of the svg filewww.911memorial4kids.org/svg/911nn040_xx.svg
- 41. 2016-08-04 15-2 Model approach The first thing that needs to be checked is whether the proportions of the fission product taken at different “WTC 01-xx” sampling points behave similarly (correlate). 911nn255 Fig. 15-2 Source: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/chem1/WTCchemistrytable.html The quantities of barium and strontium in WTC dust clearly correlate: • the concentration of barium drops , i.e. the concentration of strontium drops also • the concentration of barium rises , i.e. the concentration of strontium rises also 235*U Ba 143 Sr 93 911nn042_en Number of site of taken sample: WTC 01-* Uranium [ppb] Barium [ppm] Partspermillion[Barium,Strontiumppm] Partsperbillion[Uraniumppb] Strontium [ppm] Fig. 15-3 Source (shortened): http://nucleardemolition.com/ DOWNLOAD of the svg filewww.911memorial4kids.org/svg/911nn042_xx.svg Comparison / interpretation A radioactive process has not been verified yet. It is obvious however that the concen- trations of both elements are connected. The elements may derive from the same formation process but it is just as well possible that they come from the same storage location (chemical storage).
- 42. 16-1 2016-08-04 16 Second order nuclear fission processes Observation When set off, every nuclear weapon produces a characteristic mixture of radioactive elements that is based on the subsequent processes of disintegration. The “finger print” of a nuclear weapon: a certain mixture of radioactive elements Barium Lanthanum Lanthanum Praseodym ium Praseodym ium Praseodym ium Praseodym ium Cerium Cerium Strontium Yttrium Yttrium Niobium Niobium Niobium Niobium Zirconium Zirconium Yttrium Zirconium NiobiumNiobium Strontium Lanthanum Cerium Neodym Barium PraseodymiumPraseodymium 911nn337_en Fig. 16-1 Source: http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/chart/reCenter.jsp?z=26&n=30 Radioactive processes of disintegration – after uranium fission NdLa Y 143 Ce 143 Pr 143 Zr 93 143 Nb 9393 235*U Ba 143 Sr 93 N(t) = N e – t 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 µg/l [t] 0,01 0 911nn072 Fig. 16-2 Source (modified): http://www.nucleardemolition.com/
- 43. 2016-08-04 16-2 Analysis 1: official results; search terms: “Lanthanum”, “Cerium” The characteristic “finger print” for Barium exists. 911nn334 Fig. 16-3 Source: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html Analysis 2: official results; search terms: “Yttrium”, “Zirconium”, “Niobium” The characteristic “finger print” for Strontium exists. 911nn336 Fig. 16-4 Source: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html Comparison / interpretation The dust analysis proves a nuclear fission process as primary energy source with a subsequent radioactive disintegration of the elements ‘barium’ and ‘strontium’. The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the primary energy source of the towers’ destruction process (nuclear fission of uranium).
- 44. 17-1 2016-08-04 17 Masked radioactive radiation Observation A direct and severe radioactive contamination of the WTC surroundings is not docu- mented. At first sight it seems to be impossible that the surrounding area was exposed to neutron radiation. Reasons: • Under the influence of neutron radiation, carbon (being the key component of all organic life) quickly gets radioactive itself. 911nn316 Fig. 17-1 Source: http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/chart/reCenter.jsp?z=6&n=8 The element 12 C can only absorb 1 neutron, the second neutron already makes carbon radioactive. Model approach The steel inside the towers evaporized abruptly due to the absorption or scattering of fast neutrons ( Page 13-1, Chapter 13). A large part of the neutron radiation energy is absorbed by the atomic nuclei of the iron. A large part of the gamma radiation energy is absorbed by the iron vapor. The steel itself does not get radioactive, stable isotopes are formed.
- 45. 2016-08-04 17-2 Absorbing capacity of neutrons by iron atoms • 54 Fe does not get radioactive until it has absorbed 5 neutrons 911nn317_en slightly radioactive T = 2744 years1/2 stable stable stable Fe 54 Fe 56 Fe 57 Fe 58 Fe 55 n n nn stable Fig. 17-2 Source: http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/chart/reCenter.jsp?z=26&n=30 Comparison / interpretation Neutron flux: A nuclear fission process with strong neutron flux can thus be realized in buildings made of steel without severely contaminating the environment. Residual debris and steel remains (for sampling in the lab) are not radioactive as the formed isotopes remain stable after having absorbed neutrons. Ionizing radiation: The underground explosion resulted in an adequate encapsulation of the radioactive center (α, β, γ-radiation). The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the absence of high [fatal] radioac- tivity. It is also assumed that all reports discussing elevated radioactivity and cancer are subject to strict censorship. Already more than 72,000 people “suffer from illness related to the 9/11attacks”. Source: http://edition.presstv.ir/detail.fa/359423.html Source: http://www.renew911health.org/
- 46. 18-1 2016-08-04 18 Scintillation Observation Reporter’s cameras which were directly engulfed in the dustcloud started registering white dots and flashes – as well as green, violet, blue and red lines. Fig. 18-1 Source South Tower Dust Cloud (FOX News): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGaiSrxhRhU Logical course of events • fleeing cameramen, shortly before being engulfed in the dust • first contact with dust cloud, immediate start of white dots appearing • blue, red and green scintillation phenomena • overload and short-circuiting
- 47. 2016-08-04 18-2 Model approach Scintillation is a flash of light produced in a transparent material by the passage of a particle. During a nuclear explosion this can be an electron, an alpha particle, an ion, or a high- energy photon. The degree of measurable scintillation is based on the distance from the blast. CCD Cameras [Charge-coupled device] will detect scintillation but only at high levels. Brightness and contrast added Fig. 18-2 Source @18:35 Interaction of a camera with radioactive radiation on 9/11: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pp2SC_aduTA Comparison / interpretation The farther you get away from the blast the less neutron exposure you get. On 9/11 most of the CCD cameras were too far away to be sensitive enough to show scintillation properly. Radioactive decay of the confirmed Uranium fission process will emit short-range beta radiation , thus only cameras directly inside the cloud are able to detect this radiation.
- 48. 19-1 2016-08-04 19 Masked electromagnetic pulse Observation Before and after the destruction of the twin towers, some phenomena suggesting an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) could be observed, in particular: • Lighting effects in buildings • Inflammation of combustible metal-coated objects: the toasted cars at the WTC are evidence of directional inflammation • flash burns of the skin, the skin comes off in shreds afterwards [observed in particular at the lvictims of Hiroshima / Nagasaki in 1945] Source: http://beforeitsnews.com/9-11-and-ground-zero/2013/05/update-witnesses-saw-people-vaporized-on-911-2439810.html Patricia Ondrovic “I saw a series of flashes around the ceiling of the lobby [of WTC6] all going off one-by-one like the X-mass lights that chase in pattern.” Source: http://anonymousphysicist.com/patricia-ondrovic-emt-and-the-truth-of-the-nuclear-destruction-of-the-wtc-a-witness-to-electromagnetic-pulses Robert Ruiz (‘9/11 responder, Paramedic’) “I was trapped there. Like things weren’t bad enough already, the car that’s parked right on that corner catches on fire. I don’t mean a little fire, the entire thing. Don’t ask me how. The entire car caught on fire. You would think maybe just a motor part or just the engine part. But this entire car just goes up in fire. ” Source @12:27 AM: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_LlJzR2oYI William Rodriguez (‘Maintenance worker at the World Trade Center’) “And a person comes running into the office saying “an explosion, explosion, explosion” and […] his skin was pulled from his arms and […] and it was hanging over his arms, hanging and hanging.” 911nn360 Fig. 19-1 Source: http://www.veteranstoday.com/2013/05/01/mystery-solved-the-wtc-was-nuked-on-911/
- 49. 2016-08-04 19-2 Model approach The twin towers featured a special type of construction: • a steel core on the inside surrounded by steel girder structures on the outside This type of construction increases the stability of a building and at the same time con- verts it into a Faraday cage. Strong radiant fluxes are trapped inside the building and may only escape at large break- ing points or openings (ground level / lobby). 911nn361_en Faraday cage: to collect energy / to shield from energetic impulses Fig. 19-2 Source 1: http://www.boweryboyshistory.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/site1099.jpg Source 2 (Deutsches Museum Munich): http://www.fotocommunity.de/pc/pc/display/35889571 Comparison / interpretation An electromagnetic pulse with a broadband electromagnetic radiation is generated by, amongst other things, a nuclear explosion (due to the subsequent interaction of gamma radiation and air). The suggested model gives a plausible explanation why this radiation pulse inside the buildings can be realized without extinguishing all life in the surroundings. The residual energies escaping from the Faraday cage were still high enough to inflame cars and to destroy electronic devices near the WTC. In addition the radiation energy is caught in the Faraday cage [the office tower] which contributes to its destruction.
- 50. 20-1 2016-08-04 20 Soundless shock wave in the rockbed Observation At the time of the towers’ destruction, seismic shock waves that are characteristic for underground explosions were recorded. • at the same time, the procedure guarantees a virtually soundless destruction process as the sound waves of the explosion are absorbed within the rockbed 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 noise(black) I m p a c t 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 signal(red), I m p a c t 2 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 (nm-s), C o l l a p s e 1 0.1 1 10 0 . 1 1 1 0 F r e q u e n c y ( H z ) 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 Displacementspectra C o l l a p s e 2 East-West component of motion at PAL, filtered 0.6 – 5 Hz Record start time: 09/11/2001 08:40 EDT, 12:40 UTC Seismic Record at Palisades, NY, 34 km North of the World Trade Center Disaster 08:46:26 First impact ML=0.9 09:02:54 ML=0.7 Second impact 09:59:04 First collapse ML=2.1 10:28:31 Second collapse ML=2.3 11:01:07 Further collapse 11:15:04 EDT, Further collapse 11:29:46 EDT, Further collapse 0 min 10 min 20 min 30 min 12:40 UTC 13:10 13:40 14:10 14:40 15:10 911nn069 Fig. 20-1 Source: http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/LCSN/Eq/20010911_WTC/WTC_LDEO_KIM.pdf Model approach The third of Newton’s laws of motion states that every force exerted on an object causes an equal force in the opposite direction . 911nn321 Fig. 20-2 Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion LOCAL VIDEO: Gas eruptions from the rockbed www.911history.de/35.mp4 Source (09:43 – 09:54): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_64RigP1Fk
- 51. 2016-08-04 20-2 Example 1 If a drip of blue ink drops into a cup of milk, the drip transmits a pulse to the surrounding liquid, i.e. the milk. • the milk responds with a needle-shaped shockwave as reaction 911nn052 Fig. 20-3 Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drop_%28liquid%29#mediaviewer/File:Blue_Droplet.jpg Example 2 If an explosion takes place underground, the shock wave transmits a pulse to the rockbed • the rock earth responds with a shockwave as reaction that is needle-shaped in the case of ground-level explosions 911nn350 Fig. 20-4 Source: http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1309/1309.3083.pdf Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation on the connection between the seis- mic shock waves and a fountain-like material ejection during the WTC disintegration.
- 52. 21-1 2016-08-04 21 Gas eruptions from the rockbed Observation 1 The disintegration of the South Tower was accompanied by gas eruptions from the ground. 911nn030 Fig. 21-1 Source @9:53 AM: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_64RigP1Fk Observation 2 These gas eruptions took place shortly before the dust cloud reached the floor. 911nn051 Fig. 21-2 Source: http://911research.com/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc2biggartdust1.html
- 53. 2016-08-04 21-2 Model approach If an explosion takes place underground, the shockwave transfers a pulse into the rock earth, the pressure rises significantly until reaching the maximum. • the rock earth correspondingly responds with a shock wave as opposite pulse This declining transfer of the pulse energy is a little slower than the absorption of the explosion energy as the energy store (the rock earth) has a high absorption capacity ∆ p Increase of primary energy in the ground Decrease of primary energy in the ground maximum of absorbed energy in the ground (impuls response start) maximum of absorbed energy in the Tower = start of destruction process Decrease of secondary energy in the Tower Increase of secondary energy in the Tower 2 t = 0 s 4 t = 4,5 s t = 11,2 s time t [s] Energy 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 911nn329_en Fig. 21-3 Source: http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1309/1309.3083.pdf Comparison / interpretation The North Tower shook for 10 seconds before disintegrating. This is exactly the time re- quired for the pulse response of the ground to transfer the energy to the spire (absorption of secondary energy, orange curve). The gas eruptions took place with a time delay of approx. 18 seconds to the explosion. The suggested model gives a plausible explanation for the connection between the shak- ing of the North Tower and the gas eruptions from the rock earth.
- 54. 22-1 2016-08-04 22 Shockwave on the surface Observation The expansion of a typical destructive shockwave on the surface was not observed. The development of a precursor as additional, second, very fast and destructive shock- wave was not observed. Extenuated, light overpressure waves that were channelized by the urban canyons de- veloped instead. 2 1 911nn345 Fig. 22-1 Source 1 @05:44 (Precursor): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r9UwBOhyJSI Source 2 @05:31 (WTC 7): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ujps2oCA-nU 1 Reflected shock wave accelerated by up- rising hot air 2 Precursor as overlap of two shock waves and proprietary wave front Model approach Thermal energy and pulse were compensated sufficiently by: • the rockbed (absorption of primary energy) • the building’s structure (absorption of secondary energy) It was not until after the absorption of the secondary energy that the buildings disin- tegrated and released excess pressure, residual radiation energy and heat to the sur- rounding area.
- 55. 2016-08-04 22-2 Comparison / interpretation Instead of destructive shock waves, “merely” the formation of a pyroclastic (and actually hot) dust cloud was observed. The suggested model gives a plausible explanation on the absence of the shock wave. Remaining parts of Tower 1: “The Spire”; height = ca. 220 m Nuclear stem 911nn346_en Fig. 22-2 Source: http://911research.com/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc1spire.html LOCAL VIDEO: Pyroclastic flow www.911history.de/c7.mp4 Source (02:18 – 2: 29): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKtHOVyb4_8 Source (00:20 – 0.26): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGaiSrxhRhU Source (11:56 – 12:18): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnLcUxV1dPo
- 56. 23-1 2016-08-04 23 Pyroclastic hot dust cloud Observation While being destroyed, both twin towers disintegrated to [iron and concrete] dust. This compact dust cloud initially flowed through the urban canyons like a hot liquid. 911nn012 Fig. 23-1 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc1exp19.html
- 57. 2016-08-04 23-2 Model approach The wavefront of the dust cloud consisting of steel droplets and pulverized concrete, can be described accurately enough as pyroclastic flow. This hot dispersion of solids and gas moves very quickly away from the energetic center (due to its own weight and/or pressure flows from the energy vortex). 911nn013 Fig. 23-2 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtcdust3.html Comparison / interpretation According to the accounts, the dust cloud was scorching hot and people got burned. Eyewitness accounts support this model. THE 9/11 TORONTO REPORT, page 230; New York’s News; David Handschuh “A wave – a hot, solid, black wave of heat threw me down the block.” THE 9/11 TORONTO REPORT, page 231; Paramedic; Manuel Delgado “… and then we were engulfed in the smoke, which was horrendous. One thing I remember, it was hot. The smoke was hot and that scared me.” DOWNLOAD extract from the source: http://www.911memorial4kids.org/pdfs/Toronto_Report_p_230.pdf
- 58. 24-1 2016-08-04 24 Superhot zones of persistent temperature Observation In October 2001, infrared imaging still showed high temperatures caused by red-hot steel in the building’s foundations. 202nn235 1 2 7 Fig. 24-1 Source: http://911encyclopedia.com/wiki/index.php/World_Trade_Center_Hot_Spots Model approach Two possible scenarios come into consideration: • Formation of the melting pot with molten steel / molten rock and persistent high tem- peratures due to a simple high-energy nuclear weapon explosion • Formation of the melting pot due to a “nuclear dirty”, slow process with ongoing nu- clear fission in the rock earth (principle of an overcritical reactor, further information: Page 47-1, Chapter 47)
- 59. 2016-08-04 24-2 The thermal energy stored in the debris under Ground Zero not only was extremely high but also stable over a time period of several weeks. This is documented by numerous NASA infrared pictures. 202nn234 Fig. 24-2 Source: http://911encyclopedia.com/wiki/index.php/World_Trade_Center_Hot_Spots Comparison / interpretation Red hot steel debris and puddles of molten steel were found again and again during the Ground Zero cleanup. 911nn236 Fig. 24-3 Source: http://www1.ae911truth.org/en/news-section/41-articles/347 The suggested model gives a plausible explanation of the superhot zones with persis- tent temperatures (high-energy nuclear weapon explosion and thermal isolation of the residual energy by the rock earth).
- 60. 25-1 2016-08-04 25 Formation of a melting pot (North Tower) Observation A melting pot – i.e. a bed made of formerly liquefied rock – was found under each of the twin towers. (Rudy Giuliani, mayor of New York, in a speech in 2002) English “They were standing on top of a cauldron. They were standing on top of fires 2,000 degrees that raged for a hundred days.” 911nn318 Fig. 25-1 Source: https://themillenniumreport.com/2014/09/911-truth-goes-nuclear-massive-download-in-progress/
- 61. 2016-08-04 25-2 Model approach Two possible scenarios must be considered: • Melting of the surface followed by a nuclear explosion [low energy] for near-surface processes (principle of an overcritical reactor) • shock-like compacting and melting of the underground [high energy] for detonations taking place deep down underground, massive nuclear weapon ex- plosion Comparison / interpretation On the basis of test results documenting the changes the ground undergoes after the detonation of nuclear weapons, this models assumes a shock-like process. The suggested model gives a plausible explanation of the formation of a melting pot. 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 m – 100 m – 200 m – 300 m – 400 m B B B B B 911nn315 Fig. 25-2 Source: http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eespteam/pdf/USGSOFR01312.pdf 1 Clay 2 Gravel sediments 3 Spall zone 4 Cavity 5 Zone of rock contortion 6 Damaged zone 7 High-density fissure zone 8 Block fractured zone Study at Balapan test site (Russia): Structure of the central zones after the explosion in borehole 102. The vertical lines labeled “B” are the post-test boreholes for sampling.
- 62. 26-1 2016-08-04 26 Formation of a melting pot (South Tower) Observation A smaller but very distinct melting pot – the bed of formerly liquefied rock – was found under the South Tower. 911nn014 Fig. 26-1 Source: http://donaldfox.wordpress.com/tag/underground-nukes/
- 63. 2016-08-04 26-2 Model approach The cavity developing during a nuclear weapon explosion is so close to the surface that a part of the explosion energy can escape upwards. Fig. 26-2 Source (edited, original by Dimitri A. Khalezov): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nuclear-demolition-damages.jpg Comparison / interpretation The picture shows an open cavity just below the surface. The energy could thus be easily canalized upwards via elevator shafts up to the pressure compensation at a height of 330 m / 360 m. The suggested model gives a plausible explanation on the formation of a melting pot. 911nn015 Fig. 26-3 Source: http://donaldfox.wordpress.com/tag/underground-nukes/
- 64. 27-1 2016-08-04 27 Torrents of molten steel Observation Just before its destruction, molten steel was pouring out of the breaking points of the South Tower. Little fountains of liquid metal, similar to discharges or little detonations were ejected from the facade. Outpouring streams of molten steel 911nn322 Fig. 27-1 Source @12:52 AM: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LivXaOguXRA Fountains of liquid metal pouring out (of the facade) 911nn308 Fig. 27-2 Source @12:06 AM: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LivXaOguXRA LOCAL VIDEO: liquid steel pouring out / shooting out www.911memorial4kids.org/videos/Outpouring_molten_steel_WTC2.mp4 www.911memorial4kids.org/videos/HighEnergy_Squibs_SLOW_MOTION.mp4 Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LivXaOguXRA
- 65. 2016-08-04 27-2 Model approach Two possible scenarios must be considered: • Steel melts due to neutron absorption – nuclear process scenario with overcritical reactor in the foundation of the building • Reaction with a very reactive substance – chemical process Due to the fact that a high concentration of the highly reactive substance thermite (with its capacity to melt steel) was found in the dust of the destroyed World Trade Center, it is assumed that the melting of the facade was a chemical process, not a nuclear one. Picture showing the remains of red thermite flakes in the dust of the WTC 911nn071 Fig. 27-3 Source: http://www.bollyn.com/public/Active_Thermite_at_WTC.pdf DOWNLOAD the PDF file: http://www.911memorial4kids.org/pdfs/Thermite.pdf For more information Different scientists found evidence of thermite and explosive remains in the dust of the WTC. Source: http://www.bollyn.com/public/Active_Thermite_at_WTC.pdf
- 66. 28-1 2016-08-04 28 Channelling of the elevator shafts Observation After the impact of the planes at a height of 350 m, the arriving first responders initially rushed into the towers’ lobbies. At this particular time explosions had already damaged the lobby severely. Dead and injured people were rescued. First responders also mention other individual explosions within the elevator shafts shortly after that. 911nn417 Fig. 28-1 Source @ 01:09 (explosion on the ground floor): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XvUIQZ7t7Ak LOCAL VIDEO: Destroyed lobby www.911memorial4kids.org/videos/Lobby_Explosions.mp4 Source 1 @ 0:43 – 01:20 [Signs of an explosion at WTC NT lobby]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XvUIQZ7t7Ak Source 2 [William Rodriguez’s story]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wIZtqKiidlo Source 3 [Bob McIlvaine : 9/11 Family Member, @11:16]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ujqTXhy05tw
- 67. 2016-08-04 28-2 Model approach To channel the secondary energy from the rockbed up to the top of the building, two conditions must be fulfilled: • the elevator shafts must be connected • the building must be open at a height of 350 m This is the only way to ensure that energy is transported from the bottom to the top and guarantee a pressure compensation at the predetermined breaking point at a height of 350 m. The violent pressure compensation supports or rather triggers the formation of a de- structive front moving from the top to the bottom . ∆ p 350 m 400 m 1 2 3 911nn418 Fig. 28-2 Preparation of the elevator shafts, source: @01: 7:00 AM: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OQgVCj7q49o 1 Detonations in the lobby / parking level 2 Detonation of the mezzanines 3 Elevator shafts are now connected, connection to explosive charge exists Comparison / interpretation The model describes the necessity to channel the energy flows. The assumptions in the model are supported by witnesses of the gradual destruction pro- cess (the building being opened by the plane, explosions in the lobby, melting structures, and finally the disintegration).
- 68. 29-1 2016-08-04 29 Steam explosions of the facade (North Tower) Observation During the disintegration, explosions were shooting out far below the line of destruction on both twin towers. • the picture shows four steam explosions shooting out of the North Tower facade, two of them are just below the line of destruction (marked red) • at the foundation of the building there is also a smoke cloud (marked yellow) 911nn258 Fig. 29-1 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc1exp21.html
- 69. 2016-08-04 29-2 Model approach Steam explosions take place when water bound chemically in a solid [such as concrete] is all of a sudden overheated extremely. In this case the water acts as microscopic explosive. 911nn259 ∆∆ p Fig. 29-2 Source (modified): http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terroranschl%C3%A4ge_am_11._September_2001 Comparison / interpretation The cracking of the facade was actually accompanied by a kind a of creaking / cracking noise, a loud bang was not reported. • this rustling and creaking / cracking noise as micro-explosion is characteristic for the demolition of micro-structures The suggested model gives a plausible explanation on the formation of material shooting out at the side however it is not necessarily the only cause. It is likely that conventional explosive charges were used additionally.
- 70. 30-1 2016-08-04 30 Steam explosions of the facade (South Tower) Observation During the disintegration of the South Tower, explosions shooting out of the facade far below the line of destruction could be observed. • the picture shows three steam explosions shooting out of the South Tower facade, one of them is just below the line of destruction Audio sample: the sound of micro-explosions and the building growling (air stream) Source @00:04: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_64RigP1Fk 911nn323 Fig. 30-1 Source @00:04: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_64RigP1Fk LOCAL VIDEO: Sound of micro-explosions (cracking of the facade) www.911memorial4kids.org/videos/WTC2_Steam_Explosions.mp4 Source (0:01 – 0:06): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_64RigP1Fk
- 71. 2016-08-04 30-2 Model approach 911nn260_en Upshooting plasmatic needle, which – after expansion in the middle of the building – touches the outer facade In the lower part of the building the needle is still focused without touching the outer walls. No steam explosions occur in these areas. 4 3 2 1 5 d1 d2 d3 d5 d4 Fig. 30-2 Source (modified): http://www.thermopedia.com/content/1234/ Source (steam explosion lava in water): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_explosion 1 Formation of scissures and steam germs 2 Growth of the micro-scissures, steam formation 3 Expansion of the superheated vapor 4 Structures breaking up and more micro- germ cells are formed 5 Material starts being ejected Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation on the formation of material shooting out at the side however it is not necessarily the only cause.
- 72. 31-1 2016-08-04 31 Cavitation (South Tower) Observation With the onset of the South Tower’s destruction process, the road in front of the tower subsided and released a fireball. • this fireball and the road subsiding is only documented by eyewitness reports, pic- tures do not exist Ron DiFrancesco “I saw the fireball and heard a loud noise and… thats all I remember…” Byron Pitts “As the fireball rolled towards us Mika grabbed her shoes, I grabbed her hand and we ran like hell…” NBC News (eyewitness report) “…and the street below, caved in. The whole street caved in, you could see below the street …And at that point there was like fireballs coming up.” Mika Brezinski “All of a sudden there was a roll, an explosion and we could see coming at us a ball of flames, stories high…” LOCAL VIDEO: Eyewitness reports / U.S. test site for nuclear weapons www.911memorial4kids.org/videos/WTC2_fireballs_ground_level__nuclear_cavitation.mp4 Source 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3qFh7IMizk Source 2 (0:45 – 1:27): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RE4pwEjPTVc … the street below caved in. … and fireballs coming up. 911nn358_en Fig. 31-1 Source @1:17 AM: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e3qFh7IMizk
- 73. 2016-08-04 31-2 Model approach The example shows the consequences of a nuclear explosive charge positioned at a relatively great depth – without channeling the energy upwards. Observation: • noticeable cavitation (subsidence of the ground) • minor pulse response of the ground (needle shooting up in the middle) Detonation @ t = 0 s Impuls response / collapse @ t = 10 s 911nn356_en Fig. 31-2 Source 2 (@0:45 / @ 1:27): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RE4pwEjPTVc During the nuclear detonation of the WTC the energy was canalized in upwards direc- tion: • minor cavitation (subsidence of the ground) • strong pulse response of the ground (needle shooting up in the center) Comparison / interpretation This model is supported by eyewitness reports directly at the South Tower: • the road subsiding • the fireball shooting up from the ground
- 74. 32-1 2016-08-04 32 The torque disappearing & disintegration during free fall Observation When the South Tower collapsed, the spire turned for about 2.5 seconds in free fall. The rotation velocity then decreased [free downward acceleration of fall] and stopped at an inclination angle of approx. 15°. 911nn313 Fig. 32-1 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc2exp5.html “Conservation of angular momentum is the tendency of a rotating solid object to continue rotating at the same rate in the absence of torque.” “Initially the block consisting of the top 30 stories of the tower acted as a solid object, and rotated about a fulcrum near the impact zone.” “Although the fulcrum was the axis of rotation, the block had two types of momentum: the angular momentum of the block around its center of gravity, and the linear momentum of its center of gravity tilting away from the tower’s vertical axis.” “When the portion of the building below the collapse zone disintegrated, the block would preserve its angular momentum by continuing to rotate at the same rate.” “But in reality, the rotation of the block rapidly decelerated as the downward plunge began. ”
- 75. 2016-08-04 32-2 Analysis: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/analysis/collapses/shattering.html • the top of the South Tower disintegrated during the free fall and hit the ground as dust Model approach During free fall, there are no forces acting on a body that can stop it or destroy it. The model assumes the formation of a standing soliton (a superhot plasmatic needle) that: • acted as locking bolt • pulverized the spire (after neutron radiation weakening the structure) ∆ = 15° Fig. 32-2 Source (spire breaking off): http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc2exp4.html Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation of the torque disappearing while disintegrating at the same time during the free fall. Alternative [official] explanations on the phenomenon have not been made yet. A conventional controlled demolition [that is suspected by different parties] cannot ex- plain the disappearance of the turning moment.
- 76. 33-1 2016-08-04 33 Material distribution pattern (mushrooming) Observation Both twin towers distributed their material to all sides in an almost circular manner. The concentration of material consisting of the buildings’ debris was higher at the sides of the facades, the debris were partly stuck in other buildings . • Example from the drawing: Impact spots of facade parts / cladding (‘Exterior Columns / Cladding’) 911nn362 Impact zones of debris are marked by an X Multiple impacts are marked with XX Fig. 33-1 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/analysis/collapses/mushrooming.html
- 77. 2016-08-04 33-2 Model approach The higher concentration of material at the sides of the facades results from the fact that the corner pillars of the towers temporarily withstood the internal pressure and thus prevented a completely circular distribution. Parts of the facade correspondingly were shot away from the eruption center with a horizontal vector. The overlay of horizontal and vertical vector resulted in a visual fountain effect during the disintegration. 911nn363 Fig. 33-2 Source (6129063347_6c20994e00_o.jpg): http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/collapses.html Comparison / interpretation The suggested model gives a plausible explanation on the distribution pattern of the material as well as the material shooting out with horizontal vector at the points of the pressure compensation.
- 78. 34-1 2016-08-04 34 Dust clouds rising up from the ground Observation The twin towers were destroyed as standing towers from top to bottom, dust clouds shooting up from the ground at the same time. 911nn364 Fig. 34-1 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc1n1.html
- 79. 2016-08-04 34-2 Model approach Both twin towers had open lobbies with generous entrance areas. A small part of the upshooting plasmatic needle’s overpressure emerged through the open lobby – similar to the atomized spray at the nozzle outlet of a fountain. 911nn365 Fig. 34-2 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc1exp5.html 1 Smoke cloud rises from the foundation of the building 2 Smoke cloud dies away while rising up 3 Smoke cloud merges with falling down material Comparison / interpretation The suggested model provides a plausible explanation on the dust clouds rising from the ground towards the direction of movement of the upshooting plasmatic needle inside the tower. The model also conclusively explains white steam / white smoke emerging from the foundation of the building. This white smoke on the ground can also be observed at the South Tower at the time of its destruction. Source [@0:01]: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_64RigP1Fk
- 80. 35-1 2016-08-04 35 Strong upward winds inside the North Tower Observation 1: The miracle of Stairwell B A protected pocket near the base saved the live of fourteen people, who survived the destruction of the North Tower (“the miracle of Stairwell B”). Firefighter Mickey Kross “It was like a 100-mile-per-hour hurricane” Source: http://thevillager.com/villager_437/formerfirefighter.html Firefighter Mickey Kross “My helmet started flying off my head, I had forgotten to snap on my helmet. So I grabbed my helmet… and pulled myself down into a corner” Source @15:52: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EpTRNEVKMY4 911nn592The miracle of Stairwell B The 9/11 Surfer Fig. 35-1 Source 1 @3:25: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yI7_ftokN6M Source 2 @8:12: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9byu31dNQ3k Observation 2: The 9/11 Surfer Hurricane-like winds inside the North Tower saved the live of firefighter Pasquale Buzzelli during his 50 m freefall from the 22 floor down. He landed landed unharmed on a pile of rubble, approximately 7 stories high. Firefighter Pasquale Buzzelli “And as I was praying the wall cracked and the floor gave way and that’s when I started to freefall and I realized at that point – my God this is how I am going to die… A split second later I put up my eyes and I was just sitting there, totally numb, looking up a blue sky…” Source @07:02: : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9byu31dNQ3k
- 81. 2016-08-04 35-2 Model approach Pressure release did take place mainly through the elevator shafts – the nuclear chimney. Strong winds upwards achieving more that 180 km per hour were produced due to friction of the air particles and pressure release from below. ∆ p ∆ p ca. 80 m Position firefighters in Stairwell B Position 9/11 Surfer Resulting wind tunnnel 911nn593_en Fig. 35-2 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc1exp5.html Comparison / interpretation The Miracle of Stairwell B could happen as the firefighters were near the nozzle, like being next to a machine gun or a hot fountain – but not in front but sidewards from it The Miracle of The 9/11 Surfer could happen as parts of the building were still standing, the hurricane-like upward winds were channeled and trapped vertically. In this wind tunnel the 9/11 surfer was posed on the rubble when the pressure-induced hurricane abated.
- 82. 36-1 2016-08-04 36 Modeling the overall process The following destruction process is consistent and complies with the observations made on location. 1. Ensuring pressure compensation • The buildings (417 m high) are opened laterally at a height of approx. 350 m by means of a plane crash and possibly other auxiliary explosive charges • Connecting the elevator shafts by means of conventional detonations Result This guarantees a pressure compensation between the center of explosion at a depth of 50 m and the impact opening at a height of 350 m. This prevents the building from bursting at the foundation. Fig. 36-1 Source (impact of the plane): http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/impacts.html
- 83. 2016-08-04 36-2 2. Absorption of primary energy • Ignition of the nuclear weapon (at time point t = 0 s) Transfer of the primary energy into the rockbed (pressure and pulse absorption) Transfer of radiation energy (neutron radiation) into the ground / building • Propagation of a shock wave in the rockbed (to the side and downwards – the building quakes 10 seconds before its destruction) away from the center of explosion • Propagation of a shock wave away from the center of explosion and upwards through the channel of the connected elevator shafts t = 4,5 s 235*U Ba 143 Sr 93 2 4 Time t [s] Energy Increase of primary energy in the ground maximum of absorbed energy in the ground (impuls response start) Increase of secondary energy in the Tower t = 0 s 911nn371_en Fig. 36-2 Source (edited, original by Dimitri A. Khalezov): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nuclear-demolition-damages.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Smallman12q/Nuclear_Demolition
- 84. 36-3 2016-08-04 3. Absorption secondary energy / formation of soliton • Pulse response of the rockbed Superhot plasmatic needle shooting up through the elevator shafts – a so-called soliton • Pressure compensation at the impact spot at a height of approx. 350 m • Starting emission of iron steam / pulverized concrete (time point t = 11.2 s) 20 4 t = 4,5 s t = Energy 6 8 10 Decrease of primary energy in the ground maximum of absorbed energy in the Tower = start of destruction process Increase of secondary energy in the Tower p = 0° 911nn372_en Fig. 36-3 Source (pressure compensation): http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/videos/wtc2_from_south.html
- 85. 2016-08-04 36-4 4. Destructive front starts to move downwards with steam explosions at the facade • The soliton stabilizes the spire that is about to break off at an angle of inclination of 15° – the disintegration of the spire starts at the same time • the soliton that is pushed against the outer walls is compressed the result are multiple steam explosions with material ejection at the outer facade • from top to bottom moving front of destruction [t= 11.2 s to t = 22 s; collapse] Decrease of primary energy in the ground Decrease of secondary energy in the Tower t = 11,2 s Energy 10 12 14 16 18 20 maximum of absorbed energy in the Tower = start of destruction process 911nn373_en Fig. 36-4 Source @00:04 (steam explosions): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_64RigP1Fk
- 86. 36-5 2016-08-04 5. Complete disintegration and formation of a fountain • The spire breaks through the soliton a central, black cloud consisting of iron steam (sublimated building core) is ejected • fountain-like eruption and collapse of the remaining structures • Reduction of pressure in the ground (collapsing secondary energy source) 911nn374 Fig. 36-5 Source (soliton breaking out: http://911research.wtc7.net/wtc/evidence/photos/wtc2exp1.html
- 87. 2016-08-04 36-6 6. Protective barriers / radiation protection measures • the cavity was sealed with concrete, water basins were installed to absorb radioactive radiation • searchlights emitting light with the same wavelength as Cherenkov radiation Cherenkov radiation (glow of a nuclear reactor): blue light effects due to interaction of water steam in the air and radioactive radiation As a consequence, these light effects are efficiently outshone and remain invisible 911nn375 Fig. 36-6 Source (Cherenkov radiation): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation Source (radiation protection shield): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_September_11_Memorial_%26_Museum
- 88. 37-1 2016-08-04 37 Annex A: At the Pentagon (facade) Observation Two “event zones” are visible at the Pentagon: • Zone 1 (left side): V-like traces of soot indicating a fire on the facade in front of the building a distinctive heap of material • Zone 2 (right side): the collapsed facade 911nn142 1 2 Fig. 37-1 Source: https://publicintelligence.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/010914-F-8006R-002.jpg Model approach Two independent events led to the destructions: • Zone 1: Demolition of a small plane split seconds prior to the impact • Zone 2: targeted explosions inside the building YOUTUBE VIDEO / REFERENCE: Behind the smoke curtain https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4fvJ8nFa5Qk
- 89. 2016-08-04 37-2 Seconds after the event 911nn110 Fig. 37-2 Source: http://911research.com/pentagon/evidence/photos/index.html Minutes after the event – facade still standing 911nn111 Fig. 37-3 Source: http://911research.com/pentagon/evidence/photos/bluehi.html
- 90. 38-1 2016-08-04 38 Annex B: At the Pentagon (plane) Observation • Zone 1 (left): all plane debris originate from only one small plane and all of it was found at a heliport 50 m away (heliport tower: far left in the picture) • Zone 2 (right): the facade was not destroyed by the first explosive wave. The picture shows the facade still standing and surrounded by smoke 1 2 911nn153 Fig. 38-1 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/pentagon/evidence/photos/aerial1.html Model approach The plane was destroyed in front of the building just before the impact, directly next to the tower of the heliport. This corresponds with witness reports of tower personnel. YOUTUBE VIDEO / REFERENCE: Behind the smoke curtain https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4fvJ8nFa5Qk
- 91. 2016-08-04 38-2 Destroyed, burning object at the heliport 911nn133 Fig. 38-2 Source: http://911blogger.com/news/2006-11-25/military-exercises-and-911-pentagon-attack Debris of the wreck – directly at the heliport tower 911nn144 Fig. 38-3 Source: http://911research.wtc7.net/pentagon/evidence/photos/index.html
- 92. 39-1 2016-08-04 39 Annex C: Pennsylvania Observation An aerial image from 1994 shows that the “smashed plane’s” “imprint of the wings” is in reality a geographical downcast. 911nn501 Fig. 39-1 United States Geological Survey USGS – Map of Shanksville (1994) Source @27:00 [Solving 911 Ends the War]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nbh_Z6lU4QU Model approach The downcast was blasted open at the center by means of a small missile simulating the crash site because of the additional hole in the ground.
- 93. 2016-08-04 39-2 The military plane and the detonation Residents report a military plane flying at a low altitude. After the detonation they took pictures of a black steam cloud whose shape is typical for an exploded missile. 911nn508 Fig. 39-2 Source @6:28, photograph by Val McClatchey: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQTNy6Jb26A The hole in the ground that was blasted open 911nn506 Fig. 39-3 Source @26:00 [Solving 911 Ends the War]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nbh_Z6lU4QU
- 94. 40-1 2016-08-04 40 Annex D: Building no. 6 Observation World Trade Center 6, the U.S. Customshouse, had a deep circular crater reaching down to the foundation. 911nn031 Fig. 40-1 Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/ooocha/3060718312/in/photostream/ Model approach • Option 1: the circular hole was punched out by North Tower debris crashing down • Option 2: the foundation (including the customs investigation archive) was destroyed with a targeted explosive charge, the explosion produced the circular hole in the entire building Pictures taken inside show similarities with buildings damaged by explosions (Okla- homa City Bombing – OCB).
- 95. 2016-08-04 40-2 Inside the building’s hole / comparison with a detonation (Oklahoma City Bombing – OCB) OCB 911nn090 Fig. 40-2 Source @01:56 / @05:14: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ASl6dxlMPGQ Building undamaged 911nn089 Fig. 40-3 Source @12:09 AM: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ASl6dxlMPGQ
- 96. 41-1 2016-08-04 41 Annex E: Fission of uranium The fission of 235 uranium always produces atom fragments of different masses. Two elements are close to the probability maximum of uranium fission: • 143 barium • 93 strontium Ba 143 Sr 93 14393 Nucleon number of the fission product Source: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernspaltung Logarithmicscalein% Probability distribution of Uranium 235 fission products Both fission products are HIGHLY RADIOACTIVE ! 235*U 911nn093_en Fig. 41-1 Source: http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/chart/reColor.jsp?newColor=235ufy
- 97. 2016-08-04 41-2 Radioactive series after uranium fission After the uranium fission, the produced elements are radioactive: they decay by releasing β radiation according to a distinct pattern. All elements that would be expected in a radioactive decay chain are present in the dust of the WTC. Nd Y Ce 143 La 143 Pr 143 Zr 93 143 Nb 93 93 235*U Ba 143 Sr 93 5 t = 14,5 sec. t = 14,2 minutes STABLE STABLE t = 33 hours t = 13,5 days t = 7,4 minutes t = 10,1 hours t = 1,6 × 10 years 911nn072_en Lanthanum Cerium PraseodymiumPraseodymium Neodym Barium Yttrium Zirconium NiobiumNiobium Strontium Fig. 41-2 Source 1 (modified): http://www.nucleardemolition.com/ Source 2 (half lives): http://www.internetchemie.info/chemiewiki/index.php?title=Barium-Isotope Example Radioactive β decay of strontium93 after uranium fission Yttrium93 In 15 minutes – undergoing β decay – 75% of the element strontium 93 will transform into: N(t) = N e – t 0 15 45 6030 [min] 0 % 100 75 50 25 Y 93 Sr 93 t = 7,4 min 911nn353_en Fig. 41-3 Source (modified): http://www.nucleardemolition.com/
- 98. 42-1 2016-08-04 42 Annex F: neutron scattering The fission of 235 uranium produces also a powerful flux of fast neutrons with a mean energy of approx. 2 MeV (which equates to a kinetic energy of 28,000 km/s). The probability of a particle interaction is called cross section and is measured in [barn] units. The probability of absorption of slow neutrons by the iron nucleus is: • sigma [56 Fe] = 2 barn (this is a 100 times inferior to Boron) The probability of scattering of fast neutrons by the iron nucleus is: • sigma [56 Fe] = 20 barn (this is 10 times superior to Boron) Cross section of some elements Remarkable: iron has a particular high cross section in respect of its capability to scatter fast neutrons (which are present after uranium fission). Thermal cross section (barn) Fast cross section (barn) Scattering Capture Fission Scattering Capture Fission Moderator H-1 20 0.2 – 4 0.00004 – H-2 4 0.0003 – 3 0.000007 – C (nat) 5 0.002 – 2 0.00001 – Structural materials, others Au-197 8.2 98.7 – 4 0.08 – Zr-90 5 0.006 – 5 0.006 – Fe-56 10 2 – 20 0.003 – Cr-52 3 0.5 – 3 0.002 – Co-59 6 37.2 – 4 0.006 – Ni-58 20 3 – 3 0.008 – O-16 4 0.0001 – 3 0.00000003 – Absorber B-10 2 200 – 2 0.4 – Cd-113 100 30,000 – 4 0.05 – Xe-135 400,000 2,000,000 – 5 0.0008 – In-115 2 100 – 4 0.02 – Fuel U-235 10 99 583[5] 4 0.09 1 U-238 9 2 0.00002 5 0.07 0.3 Pu-239 8 269 748 5 0.05 2 911nn527 Fig. 42-1 Source 1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_cross_section Source 2: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_temperature
- 99. 2016-08-04 42-2 Scattering of neutrons after uranium fission Scattering of neutrons by the iron nucleus is sufficient to partially transfer the neutrons’ energy to the iron nucleus and thus evaporate all solid structures – this without the iron being transformed into a [ as the case may be radioactive] isotope. 2 MeV 1 MeV Fig. 42-2 Scattering of fast neutrons by a nucleus During neutron scattering and/or absorption a broad spectrum of radiation is formed additionally, which will again interact with iron and will contribute to the destruction of solid matter. Example: program for calculating the radiation mix after a particle reaction Computer models are available online which make it easy to check what kind of radiation mix can be expected after a particle reaction (e.g. fast neutrons with the iron nucleus): • 56 Fe + neutron with 2 MeV –> results in a particle reaction and a radiation mix INPUT: RESULT: 911nn528 Fig. 42-3 Source: http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/qcalc/index.jsp
- 100. 43-1 2016-08-04 43 Annex G: Analysis records (barium decay chain) A few days after September 11 the USGS collected and analyzed dust samples from about 40 different locations. • the analysis results prove a radioactive process of disintegration of barium WTC01-19 & 37B WTC01-36 WTC01-08 WTC01-07 WTC01-05 WTC01-33 WTC01-04 WTC01-34 WTC01-35 WTC01-09 & 32 WTC01-08 WTC01-02 WTC01-xx WTC01-06 WTC01-17 WTC01-29 WTC01-xx WTC01-xx WTC01-28 WTC01-27 WTC01- WTC01-10 WTC01-11 WTC01-xx WTC01-23 N 5 6 4 Base Map Source: 2000 U.S. Census TIGER/Line Data for New York County 00 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 00 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 Lower Manhattan HudsonRiver East River WTC01-24 WTC01-25 WTC01-30WTC01-31 WTC01-16WTC01-15 WTC01-2 WTC01-32 WTC01-40B WTC01-02 WTC01-03 1 2 7 WTC site Dust sample analysis 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 911nn040_en 235*U Ba 143 Sr 93 Example data of collecting site: WTC 01-16 Concentration in solids [%] MilesKilometers Aluminium % Iron% Magnesium % Uranium % Barium % Strontium % Calcium % Silicon % Strontium % Barium %Uranium % Fig. 43-1 Source (edited): http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/chem1/index.html#Sampling DOWNLOAD of the svg filewww.911memorial4kids.org/svg/911nn040_xx.svg
- 101. Leach Table 1. Table summarizing analytical results for solutions leached from WTC dust and beam coating samples. Details of the leach test methods are summarized in the text. Leach Table 1 Outdoor dust samples WTC-01-2 WTC-01-3 WTC-01-05 WTC-01-06 WTC-01-14 pH 10.1 9.51 9.9 9.65 9.68 Specific Conductance mS/cm 1.58 1.31 1.9 2.01 2.03 Chloride mg/L 7.8 3.7 nm nm 5.1 Fluoride mg/L <.8 <.8 nm nm <1.6 Nitrate mg/L 1.5 0.5 nm nm 1.4 Calcium mg/L 388 314 577 523 544 Magnesium mg/L 1.75 2.83 3.2 3.65 3.52 Potassium mg/L 6 3.8 7.71 6.33 6.9 Silicon mg/L 5.8 4.5 8.1 5.9 6.4 Phosphorous mg/L 0.05 0.1 0.04 0.03 0.05 Sodium mg/L 6.1 2.84 7.69 5.76 3.05 Sulfate mg/L 834 694 1210 1040 1250 Aluminum Уg/L 111 44.6 24.3 26 30.3 Antimony Уg/L 33.1 22.9 46.3 42 35.9 Arsenic Уg/L 1 1 < 3 < 3 1 Barium Уg/L 36.5 28.4 38.3 36 45.1 Beryllium Уg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 Bismuth Уg/L < 0.005 0.01 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 Cadmium Уg/L 0.44 0.26 1.08 0.82 0.37 Cerium Уg/L < 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 Cesium Уg/L 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.06 Chromium Уg/L 25.9 9 25.1 18.2 31.4 Cobalt Уg/L 1.23 0.72 1.04 1.02 1.15 Copper Уg/L 19.2 19.8 22.4 13.5 11.4 Gallium Уg/L 0.23 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 USGS Spectroscopy Lab – World Trade Center USGS Leachate Table http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html 1 of 9 17.12.2014 21:54 Barium Cerium Barium decay chain /ofr-
- 102. Germanium Уg/L 0.07 0.09 0.1 0.08 0.07 Iron Уg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 Lanthanum Уg/L < 0.01 0.01 < 0.01 0.01 < 0.01 Lead Уg/L 0.64 0.5 0.5 0.51 0.97 Lithium Уg/L 11.2 4.1 11.2 9.4 9.8 Manganese Уg/L 1 3.2 2 3.8 2.3 Mercury ng/L nm nm 18 7 nm Molybdenum Уg/L 56.8 14 45.7 42.2 30.8 Nickel Уg/L 18.1 14.4 21.4 19.4 25.2 Niobium Уg/L < 0.02 0.03 0.1 0.1 0.02 Rubidium Уg/L 12.6 8.08 12.4 12.9 14.1 Scandium Уg/L 1.8 1.3 2.2 1.9 1.9 Selenium Уg/L 2.5 1 < 5 < 5 1.9 Silver Уg/L < 3 < 3 nm nm < 3 Strontium Уg/L 834 561 1150 1100 1230 Thallium Уg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 0.2 0.06 < 0.05 Thorium Уg/L 0.04 0.09 0.8 0.37 0.06 Titanium Уg/L 17.9 13.4 18.9 18.7 25.7 Uranium Уg/L 0.03 0.15 0.08 0.09 0.06 Vanadium Уg/L 6.2 6 11.8 8.8 9.7 Yttrium Уg/L < 0.01 < 0.01 0.08 0.08 0.11 Zinc Уg/L 10.7 7.7 15.6 20.9 11.6 Zirconium Уg/L 0.07 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.08 nm – not measured; ppm – parts per million; mg/L – milligrams per liter; Уg/L – micrograms per liter; ng/L – nanograms per liter; mS/cm – milliSiemens per centimeter Leach Table 1, continued Outdoor dust samples, continued WTC-01-15 WTC-01-16 WTC-01-17 WTC-01-21 WTC-01-22 pH 10 8.22 9.47 9.98 10.4 Specific Conductance mS/cm 2.01 2.08 1.96 2.02 2.02 Chloride mg/L 3.4 8.5 nm 7.8 8.1 2 of 9 17.12.2014 21:54 Lanthanum
- 103. Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 nm <1.6 <1.6 Nitrate mg/L 1.5 <1.6 nm 2.4 1.5 Calcium mg/L 528 526 517 549 529 Magnesium mg/L 1.71 20.2 2.54 2.61 2.12 Potassium mg/L 5.9 9.2 4.83 7.7 5.2 Silicon mg/L 4.9 4.3 2 5.8 5.4 Phosphorous mg/L 0.02 0.03 < 0.01 0.04 0.05 Sodium mg/L 2.65 5.09 4.81 4.11 5.69 Sulfate mg/L 1230 1350 1110 1270 1170 Aluminum Уg/L 53.9 6.33 50.6 53.6 153 Antimony Уg/L 15.3 28.6 11.2 21.2 17 Arsenic Уg/L < 1 2 < 3 1 < 1 Barium Уg/L 28.9 23.2 17.5 33.9 32.2 Beryllium Уg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 Bismuth Уg/L 0.01 0.01 < 0.005 0.006 0.01 Cadmium Уg/L 0.55 0.39 0.47 0.25 0.16 Cerium Уg/L 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 Cesium Уg/L 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.06 0.05 Chromium Уg/L 42 20.8 17.4 19.3 27.7 Cobalt Уg/L 1.02 1.29 1.04 1.16 0.98 Copper Уg/L 10.2 15.6 14.4 6.2 9.6 Gallium Уg/L 0.1 0.05 0.08 0.2 0.27 Germanium Уg/L 0.06 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.04 Iron Уg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 Lanthanum Уg/L < 0.01 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 Lead Уg/L 1.5 0.4 0.3 1.1 0.68 Lithium Уg/L 6.4 11.2 6.9 7.4 7.8 Manganese Уg/L 1.2 35.1 1.7 1.4 1 Mercury ng/L nm nm 8 nm nm Molybdenum Уg/L 10.6 46.3 35.5 10.7 7.42 Nickel Уg/L 22.2 25 21.9 24.6 24.8 Niobium Уg/L 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.04 0.04 Rubidium Уg/L 12.4 14.1 8.91 14.1 10 3 of 9 17.12.2014 21:54 Barium Lanthanum Cerium
- 104. Scandium Уg/L 1.5 1.2 0.8 1.7 1.5 Selenium Уg/L < 1 3 < 5 2.2 1.6 Silver Уg/L < 3 < 3 nm < 3 < 3 Strontium Уg/L 1060 999 1000 1020 943 Thallium Уg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 Thorium Уg/L 0.06 0.24 0.2 0.1 0.17 Titanium Уg/L 24.8 25.1 19.4 25.9 24 Uranium Уg/L 0.03 0.52 0.01 0.02 0.02 Vanadium Уg/L 6.6 6.5 2.7 8 5.5 Yttrium Уg/L 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.1 0.07 Zinc Уg/L 10.6 24.1 12.7 9.6 6.5 Zirconium Уg/L 0.2 0.2 0.09 0.2 0.2 nm – not measured; ppm – parts per million; mg/L – milligrams per liter; Уg/L – micrograms per liter; ng/L – nanograms per liter; mS/cm – milliSiemens per centimeter Leach Table 1, continued Outdoor dust samples, continued WTC-01-25 WTC-01-27 WTC-01-28 WTC-01-30 WTC-01-34 pH 9.37 10 9.93 9.63 9.8 Specific Conductance mS/cm 2.16 2.31 2.02 1.9 2.02 Chloride mg/L 37 52 12 nm nm Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 <1.6 nm nm Nitrate mg/L 11 3 3.2 nm nm Calcium mg/L 558 568 553 461 524 Magnesium mg/L 6.15 2.01 2.85 5.27 3.2 Potassium mg/L 11.7 9.7 11.3 3.22 5.06 Silicon mg/L 8.1 7.2 8.6 5 4.2 Phosphorous mg/L 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.02 Sodium mg/L 12.9 12.7 5.57 4.28 2.76 Sulfate mg/L 1240 1240 1250 986 1180 Aluminum Уg/L 23.8 33.4 45 22.6 27.8 Antimony Уg/L 73.6 25.5 43.6 35.5 33.5 Arsenic Уg/L 3.2 3 2 < 3 < 3 Barium Уg/L 58.4 38.6 43.5 53.9 32.4 4 of 9 17.12.2014 21:54 Barium
- 105. Beryllium Уg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 Bismuth Уg/L 0.01 0.01 0.007 < 0.005 < 0.005 Cadmium Уg/L 1.56 0.38 0.54 1.06 1.04 Cerium Уg/L 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Cesium Уg/L 0.08 0.05 0.1 0.04 0.03 Chromium Уg/L 24.4 15.7 34.5 26.1 16.2 Cobalt Уg/L 3.18 1.17 1.25 0.72 0.87 Copper Уg/L 39 21.5 9 14 10.6 Gallium Уg/L 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Germanium Уg/L 0.2 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.08 Iron Уg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 Lanthanum Уg/L 0.01 < 0.01 0.02 0.01 < 0.01 Lead Уg/L 11.5 0.4 0.83 0.2 0.5 Lithium Уg/L 29.7 24.3 11.2 9.6 7.9 Manganese Уg/L 4.9 1 2 3.3 1.8 Mercury ng/L nm nm nm 12 10 Molybdenum Уg/L 140 126 50.4 30.6 27.9 Nickel Уg/L 32.1 27 25.9 18.1 20.7 Niobium Уg/L 0.03 0.06 0.03 0.07 0.06 Rubidium Уg/L 19.3 14.9 25 9.26 10.8 Scandium Уg/L 2.2 2.1 2.5 1.6 1.4 Selenium Уg/L 7.4 8.8 3.5 < 5 < 5 Silver Уg/L < 3 < 3 < 3 nm nm Strontium Уg/L 1240 1440 1160 1540 1070 Thallium Уg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 Thorium Уg/L 0.13 0.16 0.08 0.12 0.1 Titanium Уg/L 25.5 25 26.3 16.5 18.9 Uranium Уg/L 0.13 0.008 0.04 0.09 0.03 Vanadium Уg/L 13.2 16.1 12.2 7.2 7 Yttrium Уg/L 0.11 0.09 0.12 0.08 0.07 5 of 9 17.12.2014 21:54 Lanthanum Cerium
- 106. Zinc Уg/L 11 8.4 12.1 5.3 12.2 Zirconium Уg/L 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 nm – not measured; ppm – parts per million; mg/L – milligrams per liter; Уg/L – micrograms per liter; ng/L – nanograms per liter; mS/cm – milliSiemens per centimeter Leach Table 1, continued Indoor dust samples Girder coatings WTC-01-20 WTC-01-36 WTC-01-8 WTC-01-9 pH 11.8 11.8 INS 10.8 Specific Conductance mS/cm 3.41 3.4 INS 1.43 Chloride mg/L 45 40 16 3 Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 <.8 <.8 Nitrate mg/L 9.1 17 62 4.1 Calcium mg/L 718 888 528 336 Magnesium mg/L 0.11 0.08 10.3 1.1 Potassium mg/L 10.9 12.3 3 1 Silicon mg/L 3.4 3.2 6.7 11.3 Phosphorous mg/L 0.09 0.09 < 0.01 < 0.01 Sodium mg/L 15.3 18.3 2.1 1.54 Sulfate mg/L 1320 1640 1090 674 Aluminum Уg/L 611 702 10.8 121 Antimony Уg/L 20.8 17.1 8.72 7.97 Arsenic Уg/L 3.3 3.3 < 3 < 3 Barium Уg/L 61.7 57.2 22.8 10.4 Beryllium Уg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 Bismuth Уg/L 0.02 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 Cadmium Уg/L 0.18 0.18 0.02 0.02 Cerium Уg/L < 0.01 0.01 0.26 0.4 Cesium Уg/L 0.09 0.08 0.02 < 0.01 Chromium Уg/L 69.4 109 18 408 Cobalt Уg/L 1.84 2.21 1.27 0.75 Copper Уg/L 15.1 33.6 5.6 3.5 Gallium Уg/L 0.59 0.97 0.08 0.38 Germanium Уg/L 0.05 0.07 0.1 < 0.02 6 of 9 17.12.2014 21:54 Barium Cerium
- 107. Iron Уg/L < 50 < 50 < 50 < 50 Lanthanum Уg/L 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.18 Lead Уg/L 5.8 10.9 0.4 0.3 Lithium Уg/L 18.5 19.5 1.3 0.3 Manganese Уg/L 1.3 1.7 5.5 2.1 Mercury ng/L 130 125 Molybdenum Уg/L 73.8 72.9 1.74 1.18 Nickel Уg/L 36.2 42.6 24.9 16.6 Niobium Уg/L 0.08 0.05 0.08 < 0.02 Rubidium Уg/L 17.7 20.8 3.54 1.35 Scandium Уg/L 1.2 2.1 3.6 5.5 Selenium Уg/L 10.5 10.3 < 5 < 5 Silver Уg/L < 3 < 3 < 3 < 3 Strontium Уg/L 1420 1690 990 758 Thallium Уg/L 0.08 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.05 Thorium Уg/L 0.51 0.38 0.52 0.18 Titanium Уg/L 25.5 28.4 24.9 15.3 Uranium Уg/L 0.01 < 0.005 0.02 0.006 Vanadium Уg/L 6.5 7.8 13.8 14.4 Yttrium Уg/L 0.13 0.16 0.31 0.27 Zinc Уg/L 28.4 61.8 20.1 15.8 Zirconium Уg/L 0.4 0.4 3.7 0.2 nm – not measured; ppm – parts per million; mg/L – milligrams per liter; Уg/L – micrograms per liter; ng/L – nanograms per liter; mS/cm – milliSiemens per centimeter Leach Table 1, continued minimum maximum mean* pH 8.22 11.8 10.00 Specific Conductance mS/cm 1.31 3.41 2.03 Chloride mg/L 3 52 11.27 Fluoride mg/L <1.6 <1.6 *** Nitrate mg/L 0.5 62 3.69 7 of 9 17.12.2014 21:54 Lanthanum
- 108. Calcium mg/L 314 888 519.83 Magnesium mg/L 0.08 20.2 2.27 Potassium mg/L 1 12.3 6.03 Silicon mg/L 2 11.3 5.43 Phosphorous mg/L 0.02 0.1 0.04 Sodium mg/L 1.54 18.3 5.16 Sulfate mg/L 674 1640 1121.72 Aluminum Уg/L 6.33 702 49.68 Antimony Уg/L 7.97 73.6 24.37 Arsenic Уg/L 1 3.3 1.83 Barium Уg/L 10.4 61.7 33.90 Beryllium Уg/L < 0.05 < 0.05 *** Bismuth Уg/L 0.006 0.02 0.01 Cadmium Уg/L 0.02 1.56 0.33 Cerium Уg/L 0.01 0.4 0.02 Cesium Уg/L 0.02 0.1 0.05 Chromium Уg/L 9 408 29.50 Cobalt Уg/L 0.72 3.18 1.17 Copper Уg/L 3.5 39 13.21 Gallium Уg/L 0.05 0.97 0.15 Germanium Уg/L 0.04 0.2 0.07 Iron Уg/L <50 <50 *** Lanthanum Уg/L 0.01 0.18 0.02 Lead Уg/L 0.2 11.5 0.83 Lithium Уg/L 0.3 29.7 7.91 Manganese Уg/L 1 35.1 2.31 Mercury ng/L 7 130 21.26 Molybdenum Уg/L 1.18 140 25.54 Nickel Уg/L 14.4 42.6 23.46 Niobium Уg/L 0.02 0.1 0.05 Rubidium Уg/L 1.35 25 11.02 Scandium Уg/L 0.8 5.5 1.82 8 of 9 17.12.2014 21:54 Barium Lanthanum Cerium
- 109. Selenium Уg/L 1 10.5 3.58 Silver Уg/L < 3 < 3 *** Strontium Уg/L 561 1690 1083.10 Thallium Уg/L 0.06 0.2 0.10 Thorium Уg/L 0.04 0.8 0.16 Titanium Уg/L 13.4 28.4 21.65 Uranium Уg/L 0.006 0.52 0.04 Vanadium Уg/L 2.7 16.1 8.24 Yttrium Уg/L 0.05 0.31 0.11 Zinc Уg/L 5.3 61.8 13.38 Zirconium Уg/L 0.07 3.7 0.22 *Geometric mean for all parameters except pH; ***Geometric mean not calculated due to one or more samples having concentrations below detection limit; nm – not measured; ppm – parts per million; mg/L – milligrams per liter; Уg/L – micrograms per liter; ng/L – nanograms per liter; mS/cm – milliSiemens per centimeter ins – insufficient leachate solution volume to measure pH and conductivity Back to Leach Results Back to document Table of Contents AccessibilityFOIAPrivacyPolicies and Notices U.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey URL: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/leach1/WTCleachtable.html> Questions or Assistance: GS Pubs Web Contact Page Last Modified: Fri Jan 11 02:16 EST 2013 9 of 9 17.12.2014 21:54
- 110. 44-1 2016-08-04 44 Annex H: Analysis records (strontium decay chain) A few days after September 11 the USGS collected and analyzed dust samples from about 40 different locations. • the analysis results prove a radioactive process of disintegration of strontium WTC01-19 & 37B WTC01-36 WTC01-08 WTC01-07 WTC01-05 WTC01-33 WTC01-04 WTC01-34 WTC01-35 WTC01-09 & 32 WTC01-08 WTC01-02 WTC01-xx WTC01-06 WTC01-17 WTC01-29 WTC01-xx WTC01-xx WTC01-28 WTC01-27 WTC01- WTC01-10 WTC01-11 WTC01-xx WTC01-23 N 5 6 4 Base Map Source: 2000 U.S. Census TIGER/Line Data for New York County 00 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 00 0,10 0,20 0,30 0,40 Lower Manhattan HudsonRiver East River WTC01-24 WTC01-25 WTC01-30WTC01-31 WTC01-16WTC01-15 WTC01-2 WTC01-32 WTC01-40B WTC01-02 WTC01-03 1 2 7 WTC site Dust sample analysis 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 911nn040_en 235*U Ba 143 Sr 93 Example data of collecting site: WTC 01-16 Concentration in solids [%] MilesKilometers Aluminium % Iron% Magnesium % Uranium % Barium % Strontium % Calcium % Silicon % Strontium % Barium %Uranium % Fig. 44-1 Source (edited): http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/ofr-01-0429/chem1/index.html#Sampling DOWNLOAD of the svg filewww.911memorial4kids.org/svg/911nn040_xx.svg